Deferred Lighting is a technical term that is extremely important in rendering and optimizing game graphics (technical art). A rendering method that processes lighting calculations all at once after drawing the depth buffer and normal buffer to optimize the number of light calculations per pixel.
Real-world example: Buffet arrangement at a restaurant
Instead of having to go back and forth between the kitchen and the table each time an order is placed, food is prepared in advance on a platter and customers (pixels) pick it up all at once, eliminating unnecessary trips (duplicate drawing).
Figure: Infographic that clearly illustrates the basic processing flow and mechanism of Deferred Lighting in Japanese notation
Detailed mechanism and operating principle
Enable deferred lighting, first write out the depth and normal buffers, and then apply light calculations to screen pixels in bulk.